Business

How to Review a Contract

How to read a business contract before you sign it: the clauses that decide who bears the risk, the ones people skip, and when to stop and call a lawyer.

Key takeaways

  • Always review contract terms thoroughly before signing; many are negotiable.
  • Confirm all parties are correctly listed to prevent enforceability issues.
  • Ensure essential details—like pricing and responsibilities—are clearly spelled out.
  • Look for termination clauses, confidentiality terms, liability information, and remedies for breach.
  • A business contracts attorney can help safeguard your interests before committing to any agreement.
  • **Many contracts contain negotiable terms.** You might not have to accept the document as written when the other side sends it to you. They hope you will merely sign the paper, but people usually allow themselves some “wiggle room” on the initial draft of a contract.
  • **Make sure there are no surprises about the parties to the contract.** If you do not recognize an individual or organization listed as a party, you can ask for clarification. You do not want to discover later that the entity you dealt with was a shell corporation.
  • **All the terms of the agreement must be in the contract.** If the document is missing any essential term, like the price, quantity, or time for performance, do not sign it. Also, any promises the other side made to you do not exist in the eyes of the law unless you memorialize them in writing in the contract. If the other side refuses to put their promises in the contract, they probably do not intend to keep their word.
  • **All the rights and responsibilities of all the parties should be clear and unambiguous.** You cannot enforce a duty or benefit if the contract does not mention it or could get interpreted in multiple ways.
  • **The contract should state what will happen if things go wrong.** The agreement should say who will bear the risk and loss in which situations, and details about any required insurance or bonds. The contract should also specify the remedies available to each party, like daily liquidated damages at a specified rate per day for completion delays. The remedies section should state whether the parties will try to resolve their differences through arbitration or can go straight to court.
  • **Do not sign a contract that contains blanks.** Doing so is like signing a blank check.
  • **Understand how to terminate the contract.** Sometimes you need to get out of a contract. The document should include information on how to terminate the agreement, the allowable grounds for termination, and the consequences if a party ends the contract.
  • **Ensure confidentiality.** When the work involves the other party getting access to your files or other information, include a confidentiality requirement in the agreement.
  • **Do not sign a contract that incorporates the terms of another document you do not have.** You will want to get a copy of the incorporated document and read it with the same level of scrutiny as the main agreement.

These are but a few examples of things you should consider when you evaluate a contract. A Maryland business contracts attorney can review your contracts, negotiate on your behalf, and draft changes to proposed agreements. Contact Steve today to learn more.

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Stephen Thienel
Written by

Stephen Thienel

Founder, Thienel Law, PLLC · Alexandria, VA

Stephen Thienel is a business, tax, and estate planning attorney representing clients throughout Maryland, Washington, D.C., and Virginia. He holds a J.D. from the University of Maryland and a Master of Laws (LL.M.) in Taxation from the University of Baltimore, and earned an M.A. in economics at Virginia Tech, studying under Nobel laureate James Buchanan.

In more than 26 years of practice he has kept business, tax, and estate work under one roof, so a decision is weighed for how it plays out for the owner rather than only for how it reads on the page.

Admitted to practice in Maryland, Washington, D.C., and Virginia
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